The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) has become a strategic lifeline for Pakistan and a key foothold for China in South Asia.
Phase II of CPEC has faced numerous challenges, including attacks on Chinese personnel, slow loan repayment, and a lack of progress in executing major projects.
China's renewed interest in completing CPEC was evident during Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi's visit to Pakistan in May 2025.
The focus of Phase II is on developing industrial parks to drive industrial growth in Pakistan, which relies on adequate energy availability from Phase I.
Despite positive statements, there is little progress on the ground.
Author's summary: CPEC is crucial for Pakistan and China's interdependence.