Jet fuels include Jet A are widely used in different aviation sectors; they appear as colorless liquids composed largely of C9-C16 hydrocarbons, paraffins and naphthenes constitute over seventy percent by volume, and aromatics generally not more than 25%, with additives for antioxidants, icing prevention, corrosion protection, and fuel system stability. JP-5 originated as a navy variant for shipboard storage. JP-8 serves as the standard military aircraft fuel. Jet A fuels are widely used in commercial aviation. These fuels share similar hydrocarbon makeup and originate from kerosene distillates in refining. Composition varies with crude oil source and refinery process.
fuels are branched and linear paraffins and naphthenes (cycloalkanes) which usually account for over 70% of the components by volume (API 2010a; Chevron 2006). Aromatic hydrocarbons such as alkylbenzenes and naphthalenes do not exceed 25% of the total. Olefins represent an insignificant
www.atsdr.cdc.govInformation regarding the chemical identities of JP-5, JP-8, and Jet A fuels is located in Table 4-1. Nearly all jet fuel is made from kerosene derived from petroleum; however, a small percentage is made from oil sands (Chevron 2006). Kerosene is manufactured from the distillation of crude oil at atmospheric pressure (straight-run) or from catalytic, thermal, or steam cracking of heavier petroleum streams (cracked kerosene). Figure 4-1 depicts a general schematic of a refinery capable of...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.govantioxidants (including phenolic antioxidants), static inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, fuel system icing inhibitors, lubrication improvers, biocides, and thermal stability improvers. These additives are used in specified amounts as governed by commercial and military specifications. Jet fuels are composed of more than 200 aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons (C6-C17+); the exact composition of a jet fuel is also
www.atsdr.cdc.govcontinental United States. JP-5, JP-8, and Jet A fuels are colorless liquids that are flammable and smell like kerosene. The fuels are made from chemical compounds called hydrocarbons, which are found naturally in the earth as crude oil. Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen. The crude oil is refined into a number of different types of fuel. Jet A, JP-5, and JP-8 fuels may also contain various additives such as antioxidants and additives to prevent icing in the fuel...
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